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SYSTEM EDITOR
@ED
INTRODUCTION
THE SYSTEM EDITOR (@ED) IS USED IN VIRTUALLY ALL
APPLICATIONS FOR THE CREATION AND MODIFICATION OF ELEMENTS FOR
FURTHER USE BY THE SYSTEM. THIS DOCUMENTS IS AN INTRODUCTION
TO THE USE OF @ED. UPON COMPLETION OF THIS COURSE THE STUDENT
SHOULD BE ABLE TO CREATE AND MODIFY ELEMENTS.
IN PREVIOUS SYSTEMS THE USER WOULD CREATE PROGRAMS AND
RUN STREAMS ON CARDS WITH A KEY PUNCH MACHINE. IN THIS SYSTEM
THE SYSTEM EDITOR (@ED) IS USED TO CREATE THESE CARD DECKS IN
A VIRTUAL MODE. WHEN USING THE TERMINAL THE CARD DECK WILL
RESIDE IN AN ELEMENT. THUS THE @ED ALLOWS THE USER TO CREATE,
INSERT, DELETE, AND MODIFY LINES (CARDS) IN AN ELEMENT (CARD
DECK). ELEMENTS RESIDE IN A PROGRAM FILE. FOR THE PURPOSES OF
THIS LESSON WE WILL USE A TEMPORARY (NOT CATALOGUED OR SAVED)
PROGRAM FILE. THIS FILE WILL BE NAMED P (FOR PROGRAM FILE).
THIS IS A SELF CONTAINED LESSON. THE STUDENT SHOULD BE
ABLE TO LEARN THE @ED BY READING THIS DOCUMENT AND DOING THE
EXAMPLES. HOWEVER FEEL FREE TO ASK QUESTIONS, ESPECIALLY AT
THE ** CHECKPOINT ** AS THESE CONCLUDE EACH CHAPTER OF @ED
COMMANDS. THE @ED IS SOMETHING THAT MUST BE LEARNED BY DOING.
FIRST CREATE THE TEMPORARY FILE F:
@ASG,T F.
TO BEGIN WITH CREATE AN ELEMENT E1. TO DO THIS WE TYPE:
@ED,I F.E1
THE ,I MEANS INITIALIZE THE GIVEN ELEMENT. IF THERE
EXISTS AN ELEMENT E1 A MESSAGE WILL WARN THE USER THAT IT WILL
BE LOST. NOW ENTER:
LINE ONE
LINE TWO
LINE THREE
LINE FOUR
LINE FIVE
THE ABOVE DATA HAS BEEN ENTERED DIRECTLY INTO THE
ELEMENT E1. @ED IS IN INPUT MODE. IN INPUT MODE @ED ONLY
ACCEPTS DATA. TO MANIPULATE DATA @ED NEEDS TO BE IN EDIT MODE.
TO GO BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN INPUT AND EDIT MODE XMIT A SPACE.
AT FIRST THIS IS SOME WHAT CONFUSING BUT REMEMBER THAT IF THE
LINE NUMBER IS FOLLOWED BY AN I @ED IS IN INPUT MODE AND
ANYTHING ENTERED WILL GO DIRECTALLY INTO THE ELEMENT. IF THERE
IS NO I @ED IS IN EDIT MODE AND EXPECTING TO PROCESS COMMANDS.
NOW HIT XMIT SEVERAL TIMES TO SEE @ED GO BACK AND FORTH
BETWEEN INPUT AND EDIT MODE. LEAVE @ED IN EDIT MODE AND TYPE
IN:
EXIT
ALL SUBSEQUENT CHAPTERS WILL ASSEME THAT ELEMENT E1
CONTAINS THE ABOVE DATA. SO IF ANYTHING GOES WRONG YOU MAY
RECREATE THIS ELEMENT BY THE FOLLOWING:
@ED,I F.E1
LINE ONE
LINE TWO
LINE THREE
LINE FOUR
LINE FIVE
(A BLANK TO ENTER EDIT MODE)
EXIT
LNP, OMIT, EXIT, LINE NUMBER
ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
LNP:
TO LIST LINES IN AN ELEMENT THE LNP COMMAND IS USED. TO
LIST THE ENTIRE ELEMENT ENTER:
LNP!
IF THE ELEMENT CONTAINED MORE THAN 20 LINES THIS WOULD
PROVE IMPRACTICAL. SO THE GENERAL CASE OF THE LIST COMMAND IS:
LNP N1 (N2)
WHERE N1 ALONE MEANS LIST N1 LINES FROM WHERE YOU ARE IN
THE ELEMENT, AND IF N2 IS GIVEN MEANS PRINT LINES FROM N1 THRU
N2. THUS ENTER THE FOLLOWING:
LNP 3
LNP 1 5
LNP 2 4
LNP 1 2
LNP 2
LNP 2
TO LEAVE THE ELEMENT TYPE EXIT:
EXIT
LINE NUMBER, OMIT, EXIT:
THIS VERSION OF THE ELEMENT IS NOW SAVED.
NOW ENTER:
@ED,I F.E1
NOTE THE WARNING. NOW IT IS NOT DESIRED TO INITIALIZE
THIS ELEMENT SO HIT XMIT (TO GET INTO EDIT MODE), AND TYPE:
OMIT
THIS MEANS OMIT ALL CHANGES MADE TO THE ELEMENT DURING
THIS SESSION OF @ED. THIS IS USEFUL IN AVOIDING CATASTROPHIE.
FOR INSTANCE IF YOU ACCIDENTIALLY DELETED HALF YOUR ELEMENT.
THUS AT THIS POINT THE USER SHOULD BE ABLE TO CREATE AN
ELEMENT AND LIST ANY DESIRED LINES IN THAT ELEMENT, AS WELL AS
EXIT AND/OR OMIT ALL CHANGES TO THAT ELEMENT. NOW WE WILL
PROCEED TO UPDATE THAT ELEMENT. ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
NOTE THAT @ED IS NOW IN EDIT MODE. EDIT MODE IS USED TO
MANIPULATE THE ELEMENT AND SET THE LINE POINTER. THE LINE
POINTER IS NOW SET AT LINE 0. TO CHANGE THE LINE POINTER ENTE
THE LINE NUMBER DESIRED. THUS ENTER:
5
3
2
10
EXIT
COMMANDS:
EDIT MODE, I-INSERT
THUS IN EDIT MODE WE MAY GO TO ANY POINT IN THE ELEMENT.
THE COMMANDS WE WILL DISCUSS ARE:
I - INSERT A LINE
C - CHANGE A LINE(S)
R - REPLACE A LINE
D - DELETE A LINE(S)
MOV - MOVE A SET OF LINES
DIT - DITTO (COPY) A SET OF LINES
L - LOCATE
LC - LOCATE ALL
F - FIND
FC - FIND ALL
SET - SET TABS
TAB - SET TAB CHARACTER
N - NEXT LINE
- - BACKUP A LINE
Home
commands
I:
I IS USED TO INSERT A LINE. ENTER THE FOLLOWING:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
I INSERT # 1
I INSERT # 2
I INSERT # 3
LNP!
OMIT
THE OMIT IS DONE TO KEEP THE ELEMENT E1 IN ITS ORIGINAL
STATE. THUS ALL THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES WILL START AT THE SAME
STARTING POINT.
NOTE THAT THE ABOVE LINES WERE ENTERED BEFORE ALL THE
OTHER LINES. THATS BECAUSE THE LINE POINTER WAS AT ZERO. I
INSERTS LINES FOLLOWING THE LINE POINTER. TO INSERT LINES IN A
GIVEN ELEMENT, FIRST ENTER THE DESIRED LINE NUMBER AND BEGIN
INSERTING LINES.
commands
C-CHANGE
C:
C IS THE CHANGE COMMAND. IT IS USED TO CHANGE STRINGS IN
LINE(S). THE GENERAL FORM IS:
C /STRING1/STRING2/(N) (G) OR
C /STRING1/STRING2/(A)
IN THE FIRST CASE THE FIRST OCCURANCE OF STRING1 IS
CHANGED TO STRING2. IF (N) IS PRESENT THEN THE FIRST OCCURANCE
OF STRING1 IS CHANGED TO STRING2 FOR THE NEXT N LINES. IF THE
G (GLOBAL) IS PRESENT THEN ALL OCCURANCES ARE CHANGED.
IN THE SECOND CASE IF THE A (ALL) IS PRESENT THEN ALL
OCCURANCES ARE CHANGED TO THE END OF THE ELEMENT. EXAMPLES:
C /LIEN/LINE/
C /PIK/PIC/
C /$/4/25
C /SORT/NEW*SORT/100
C /LIB/LIBRARY/50 G
C /#/@/A
C /THIER/THERE/A
C /NEW*//
ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
LNP!
1
C /ONE/1/
2
C /LINE/LINE #/
3
C /LINE/LINE NO./2
LNP!
C /I/$$$/A
LNP!
C /$$$/I/100 G
I ABC ABC ABC
C /A/X/
C
C /B/Y/G
C /C//G
lnp!
OMIT
NOTE THAT THE C BY ITSELF USES THE CHANGE FROM THE
PREVIOUS CHANGE COMMAND.
commands
R-REPLACE
R:
R IS FOR REPLACEMENT. IT MEANS REPLACE THE GIVEN LINE.
ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
1
R LINE 1
2
R LINE # TWO
5
R LINE NO. V
lnp!
OMIT
NOTE THAT THE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUE CAN BE USED FOR BOTH R
AND I. WHEN THE LINE BEING REPLACED OR INSERTED IS SIMILAR TO
THE GIVEN LINE THE CURSER MAY BE MOVED WITH THE ARROW BUTTONS
(LOWER LEFT) IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE DELETE AND INSERT BUTTONS
(SECOND ROW, UPPER LEFT) TO ENTER THE COMMAND. REPEAT THE
ABOVE USING THIS TECHNIQUE.
commands
D-DELETE
D:
D IS FOR DELETE, AND MUST BE USED WITH CAUTION. THE
GENERAL CASE IS:
D (N1) (N2)
D BY IT SELF MEANS DELETE THE PRESENT LINE. D WITH N1
MEANS DELETE N1 LINES STARTING WITH THE PRESENT LINE. D WITH
N1 AND N2 MEANS DELETE LINES N1 THRU N2. THE SAFEST WAY TO
DELETE A GIVEN LINE IS TO GO TO THE DESIRED LINE AND DELETE
IT. THUS TO DELETE LINE 3, ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
3
D
lnp!
OMIT
TO DELETE A RANGE OF LINES (SAY 2 THRU 4) ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
D 2 4
lnp!
OMIT
THE LINES COULD BE DELETED BY:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
2
D 3
lnp!
OMIT
HOWEVER IT IS SAFER TO DELETE A RANGE OF LINES THAN N
LINES.
commands
MOV-MOVE, DIT-DITTO
MOV:
MOV IS THE MOVE COMMAND. IT IS USED TO MOVE LINES AROUND.
IT WORKS BY FIRST GOING TO WHERE YOU WANT THE LINE(S) MOVED
TO, AND THEN ISSUING THE MOV COMMAND. THE GENERAL FORM OF THE
MOV COMMAND IS:
MOV N1 (N2)
IF N2 IS OMITTED LINE N1 IS MOVED TO THE PRESENT
POSITION. IF N2 IS GIVEN LINES N1 THRU N2 ARE MOVED TO THE
PRESENT POSITION. THUS ENTER THE FOLLOWING:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
1
MOV 5
lnp!
1
MOV 3 5
lnp!
OMIT
DIT:
DIT IS FOR DITTO WHICH WORKS EXACTALY THE SAME AS MOV
EXCEPT THAT THE LINES ARE COPIED RATHER THAN MOVED. THUS
ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
1
DIT 5
lnp!
6
DIT 1
lnp!
7
DIT 1 7
lnp!
OMIT
THE ABOVE COMMANDS ARE SUFFICIENT TO MODIFY AN ELEMENT
FOR MOST PRACTICAL PURPOSES.
commands
L, LC-LOCATE, F, FC-FIND
L LC F FC:
WE WILL NOW DISCUSS COMMANDS TO FIND AND LOCATE LINES IN
AN ELEMENT. THESE COMMANDS ARE:
L STRING
LC STRING
F STRING
FC STRING
THE FIRST TWO ARE LOCATE AND LOCATE ALL RESPECTIVELY. THE
LOCATE SEARCHES THE ELEMENT FOR THE FIRST OCCURANCE OF THE
GIVEN STRING, THE LOCATE ALL SEARCHES THE ELEMENT FOR ALL
OCCURANCES OF THE GIVEN STRING. ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
L LINE
L LINE
L
lnp!
LC LINE
LC O
LC T
LC THE
OMIT
NOTE THAT WHEN NO STRING IS GIVEN THE STRING OF THE
PREVIOUS LOCATE IS USED. THE FIND OPERATES IN A SIMILAR WAY.
THE DIFFERENCES ARE THAT THE THE FIND SEARCHES FROM THE
BEGINING OF THE LINE FOR THE LENGTH OF THE STRING. ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
I ABCDE
I ABCD
I ABC
I AB
I A
lnp!
F L
FC
FC A
FC ABC
OMIT
commands
SET, TAB
SET:
THE SET COMMAND IS TO SET THE TAB SETTINGS. THE GENERAL
COMMAND IS:
SET (N1) (N2) (N3) ...
WHICH MEANS THE TAB SETTINGS ARE COLUMNS N1, N2, N3 ETC.
THE TAB COMMAND IS:
TAB CHAR
WHICH MEANS THE TAB CHARACTER IS THE ONE SPECIFIED. THE
DEFAULT SETTINGS ARE THE ASSEMBLER TAB SETTINGS WHICH ARE:
SET 11 21 39 73
TAB ;
THE TAB SETTINGS MAY BE USED IN THE I-INSERT, R-REPLACE,
AND F,FC-FIND COMMANDS. ENTER:
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
SET 10 20 30
I ;10
I ;;TWENTY
I ;;;XXX
lnp!
1
R ;10-REPLACED
2
R ;;20-REPLACED
lnp!
SET 2
FC ;I
SET 4
F ;E
F
FC
OMIT
commands
N - Next, - Back
ANOTHER COMMAND OF SOME USE IS THE N COMMAND WHICH SIMPLY
MEANS NEXT, AND - WHICH MEANS BACKUP 1.
@ED,U F.E1
lnp!
N
N
N
-
-
lnp!
OMIT
commands